The VIEW Word Processor was designed and developed by Protechnic Computers Limited, Cambridge, England. The VIEW Guide was written by Information Transfer Limited, Cambridge, England.Copyright  Acornsoft Limited 1983, 1984All rights reserved First published in 1983 by Acornsoft Limited No part of this book may be reproduced by any means without the prior consent of the copyright holder. The only exceptions are as provided for by the Copyright (photocopying) Act or for the purpose of review or in order for the software herein to be entered into a computer for the sole use of the owner of the book SECOND EDITION ISBN 0907876 80 3 Published by Acornsoft Limited, Betjeman House, 104 Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 1 LQ, England Telephone (0223) 316039Contents Introduction									1 Commands									1 Presentation of commands							1 Useful hints									2 1 Start-up 									3 Command mode 								3 Text mode									4 2 Immediate commands 							5 Moving the cursor 								5 Lines 										6 Deletion 									7 Insertion and swapping case 							8 Markers 									9 Block operations 								10 The ruler 									11 Formatting and justification 							13 Formatting and margins 							14 TAB stops and characters 							153 Stored commands 								17 Lines and page length 							18 Ejecting pages 								19Page layout 									20Headers and footers 								24 Macros 									26Macros with parameters 							27Highlights 1 and 2 								31Number registers 								334 Command mode commands 						34Screen modes 									34Clearing text from memory 							34Using disc 									35Editing BASIC programs 							36Continuous processing (discs only) 						37Using cassette 									38Word counting and formatting 						40Finding words in the document 						40Modifying selected words in the document 					41Printing 									43List of commands 								46Index 										49IntroductionCommandsImmediate commandsThese are used in text mode and take effect immediately they are given. Mostimmediate commands are given through the red function keys at the top of thekeyboard.Stored commandsThese are also used in text mode, but have no immediate effect, except for theplacing of the appropriate code letters in the left margin. Stored commandstake effect only when the document is being printed.Command mode commandsThese are given in command mode and control general functions such asrecording and printing.Presentation of commandsIn this manual, commands shown reversed out, eg RETURN  mean 'press thekey named'. commands in ordinary upper case refer you to the function key cardwhich shows the  f key to be pressed; curved brackets mean 'type theinformation described within the brackets'; other words and numbers incomputer typeface should be typed exactly as shown including spaces.Examples of presentationEDIT COMMAND TM RETURN(number of lines)means press the EDIT COMMAND key ( SHIFT f8); type T. type M; pressRETURN; type a number. CHANGE  (old  word)  (new word)  1  2 RETURNmeans type the word CHANGE; type a space; type the old word; type a space;type the new word; type a space; type 1 ; type a space; type 2 ; pressRETURN. Useful hints The BREAK keyPressing the key leaves the system in command mode, exactly as shownon page 3, including the No text message, which means that your text hasvanished. To recover text lost in this way type OLD and press RETURN. Screen placing You may find that the screen image is too high for you to read the top line. To lower the image type *TV 255 RETURN and MO D E 3 RETURN. To stop the flicker type * T V 0 RETURN, 1 MODE 3 RETURN. To cure both problems type * T V255, 1 RETURN and MODE3 RETURN. Note that * T V commands are only effective after a MODE command is given (not necessarily MODE 3). BASIC To use BASIC instead of VIEW, type * BASIC RETURN. To change back to VIEW type *WORD RETURN.  1 Start-up To get into VIEW type *WORD RETURN. Command mode VIEW 2.1is the version of VIEW you are using. No text means that no text has yet been typed in or loaded from tape or disc. Editing No File means that no file is being edited. If you LOAD a file from disc or tape, the display changes to Editing (filename) . Screen Mode 7 gives you 24 lines of 34 characters. For more informationon modes, see page 34. Printer Default means that the built-in printer driver (ie a program to operate the printer) is operating. For more information see page 43. = > indicates where commands are typed in. Note that at start-up 'caps lock' is on. To turn it off press the CAPS LOCK key. Changing modes To switch between command mode and text mode press ESCAPE. Note that you cannot switch to text mode if there is no text. Either load text from disc or tape or type NEW and press RETURN. The display will then change fromNo text  to Bytes free  . . . Bytes free . . . shows the amount of memory free for you to use. As a rough guide one byte corresponds to one character (ie one letter, number, sign or space).Text modeFJ  .......*.......*.......*.......*. <       _***************************************The ruler controls the width and tabbing of the column of text typed underit.F means format. When F is shown at top left on the screen, words whichovershoot the right margin are transferred whole to the next line.J means justified. When J is shown at top left on the screen, the spaces in atyped line are adjusted to make all lines of equal length.* is a TAB stop.< is the right margin._ is the cursor.The row of asterisks marks the end of the column of text, or text area. To movethe asterisks down the screen at start-up, press RETURN a few times.The screen operates as if it were a window looking on to a much larger page. Usethe arrow keys to move the screen over the page.2 Immediate CommandsMoving the cursorTOP OF TEXT moves the cursor to the first character of the text (even if thathappens to be part of a user-defined ruler).BOTTOM OF TEXT moves the cursor to the space after the last character onthe lowest line, above the row of asterisks.BEGINNING OF LINE moves the cursor to the first character position in thecurrent line.END OF LINE moves the cursor to the space after the last character in thecurrent line.GO TO MARKER moves the cursor to a marker already set with the SETMARKER command. To set markers, see page 9. Press GO TO MARKERfollowed by the number of the marker required.Under normal operation the arrow keys (to the right of the keyboard) move thecursor one space in the direction indicated. When used with the SHIFT key thehorizontal arrow keys cause the cursor to jump from word to word and thevertical arrow keys cause it to jump the height of the screen, up or down.CTRL(Delete BlockNextMatchFormat ModeJustify ModeInsert ModeDefault RulerSplitLineConcaten-ate LinesMark As RulerSHIFT(MoveBlockSwap CaseRelease MarginsDelete to CharH'light 1H'light 2Gob to MarkerSet MarkerEdit CommandDelete CommandFormatBlockTopof TextBottom of TextDelete end lineBegin LineEnd Of LineInsert LineDelete LineInsert CharacterDelete CharacterLinesINSERT LINE inserts a blank line above the line which the cursor is ORDELETE LINE deletes the line which the cursor is ORSPLIT LINE splits off the part of the line to the right of the cursor (includingthe character above the cursor) and places it on a new line inserted immediatelybelow. This command will not work if there is a stored command on the lineconcerned.CONCATENATE LINES joins the line below to the line which the cursor isoIl, and closes up the text below. To concatenate, place the cursor anywhere onthe upper of the two lines. Then press CONCATENATE LINES. Thiscommand will not work if there is a stored command on either of the linesconcerned. If the two lines together total more than 132 characters, the lines willnot be concatenated and the computer will bleep.CTRL(Delete BlockNextMatchFormat ModeJustify ModeInsert ModeDefault RulerSplitLineConcaten-ate LinesMark As RulerSHIFT(MoveBlockSwap CaseRelease MarginsDelete to CharH'light 1H'light 2Gob to MarkerSet MarkerEdit CommandDelete CommandFormatBlockTopof TextBottom of TextDelete end lineBegin LineEnd Of LineInsert LineDelete LineInsert CharacterDelete CharacterDeletionDELETE CHARACTER deletes the character above the cursor and closes upthe gap.DELETE (ie the black delete key) deletes the character to the left of the cursorbut does not close up the text.DELETE END OF LINE deletes the character above the cursor and allcharacters to the right of the cursor on that line.DELETE UP TO CHARACTER deletes the character above the cursor and allcharacters to the right of it on that line up to a specified character.To use the command, place the cursor at the start of the deletion. Then decidewhich character should end it (or insert a special one for the purpose). Thenpress DELETE UP TO CHARACTER (SHIFT f3 ) followed by the character.If the character occurs several times together, the system will delete all ofthem.DELETE LINE deletes the line which the cursor is on.DELETE BLOCK - see page l0.CTRL(Delete BlockNextMatchFormat ModeJustify ModeInsert ModeDefault RulerSplitLineConcaten-ate LinesMark As RulerSHIFT(MoveBlockSwap CaseRelease MarginsDelete to CharH'light 1H'light 2Gob to MarkerSet MarkerEdit CommandDelete CommandFormatBlockTopof TextBottom of TextDelete end lineBegin LineEnd Of LineInsert LineDelete LineInsert CharacterDelete CharacterInsertion and swapping caseINSERT CHARACTER inserts a space at the cursor, moving existing text tothe right (For example: P R N T becomes P R  NT.)INSERT MODE causes the letter I to appear at the top left of the screen. Anycharacters typed in will then appear at the cursor, and text will move right toaccommodate them To return to overtype mode, press the key again.INSERT LINE inserts a blank line above the line which the cursor is on.SWAP CASE changes the case of the character above the cursor (ie capitals tosmall, or small to capitals), and moves the cursor right.CTRL(Delete BlockNextMatchFormat ModeJustify ModeInsert ModeDefault RulerSplitLineConcaten-ate LinesMark As RulerSHIFT(MoveBlockSwap CaseRelease MarginsDelete to CharH'light 1H'light 2Gob to MarkerSet MarkerEdit CommandDelete CommandFormatBlockTopof TextBottom of TextDelete end lineBegin LineEnd Of LineInsert LineDelete LineInsert CharacterDelete CharacterMarkersSET MARKER Markers may be set singly or in pairs to define a block of text tobe moved, copied or deleted. They are identified by numbers 1 to 6. Markers 1and 2 are shown as inverse characters in modes 0 to 6, and as a square inMODE 7. Markers 3 to 6 are not displayed, but you can find their positions byusing the GO TO MARKER command ( SHIFT f6 followed by the markernumber). A message in command mode indicates which markers have beenset.To set a marker.- Move the cursor to the place where you want the marker.- Press SET MARKER ( M K appears at top left on the screen.)- Press a number 1 to 6.To clear markers 1 and 2:- Press to ESCAPE enter command mode.- Type CLEAR  RETURN.Markers 3 to 6 cannot be cleared, but have no effect on the text They can bedeleted with DELETE CHARACTER (f9 ).CTRL(Delete BlockNextMatchFormat ModeJustify ModeInsert ModeDefault RulerSplitLineConcaten-ate LinesMark As RulerSHIFT(MoveBlockSwap CaseRelease MarginsDelete to CharH'light 1H'light 2Gob to MarkerSet MarkerEdit CommandDelete CommandFormatBlockTopof TextBottom of TextDelete end lineBegin LineEnd Of LineInsert LineDelete LineInsert CharacterDelete CharacterBlock operationsTo delete a block of textSet marker 1 at the first character of the text to be deleted, and marker 2 at thespace after the last character.Press DELETE BLOCK (CTRL f0, not the black DELETE key).To move a block of textSet marker 1 at the first character of the text to be moved and marker 2 at thespace after the last character.Place the cursor on the line you want the text to move to. This may be anywhereexcept between the two markers.Press MOVE BLOCK (SHIFT f0).To copy a block of textSet marker 1 at the first character of the text to be copied and marker 2 at thespace after the last character.Place the cursor on the line where you want the copy to appear. This may beanywhere except between the two markers.Press COPY (at bottom right of the keyboard).CTRL(Delete BlockNextMatchFormat ModeJustify ModeInsert ModeDefault RulerSplitLineConcaten-ate LinesMark As RulerSHIFT(MoveBlockSwap CaseRelease MarginsDelete to CharH'light 1H'light 2Gob to MarkerSet MarkerEdit CommandDelete CommandFormatBlockTopof TextBottom of TextDelete end lineBegin LineEnd Of LineInsert LineDelete LineInsert CharacterDelete Character The ruler FJ ........*.......*.......*.......*.......*.......*.......*.......*.<             _ ************************************************************ This is the default ruler for MO D E 3; it is 74 characters wide. ('Default' means that it is what the system gives you unless you request something different.) The default ruler for the 40 character line is 34 characters wide.The dots indicate spaces. The * characters are TAB stops. The < is the rightmargin stop, marking the last character position in the line. Y ou may also set aleft margin stop using the character > . You may use up to 128 rulers in adocument.The system obeys the last ruler above the line which the cursor is on.For the effect of the ruler, see 'Formatting and justification' (page 13).To obtain a default ruler for a given text mode press DEFAULT RULER(CTRL f5).To copy the current ruler - press SHIFT and COPY.CTRL(Delete BlockNextMatchFormat ModeJustify ModeInsert ModeDefault RulerSplitLineConcaten-ate LinesMark As RulerSHIFT(MoveBlockSwap CaseRelease MarginsDelete to CharH'light 1H'light 2Gob to MarkerSet MarkerEdit CommandDelete CommandFormatBlockTopof TextBottom of TextDelete end lineBegin LineEnd Of LineInsert LineDelete LineInsert CharacterDelete CharacterTo alter a ruler - place the cursor on it and use the normal commands, such asINSERT CHARACTER to lengthen it, and DELETE CHARACTER toshorten it. Similarly you may delete asterisks and type new ones in to adjustTABs. You may delete margins and enter new ones using > (left) and <(right).To make up your own ruler place the cursor on the line where you want theruler, and press MARK AS RULER (CTRL f8 ). Two dots (. .) appear in theleft margin and the line becomes a ruler. To operate TABs and formatting, youhave to include * and < in your line. Y ou can also include character b whichcauses a bleep when the cursor passes it. Any spare space in the line you shouldfill with dots.The ruler may be 132 characters wide in any mode. How many characters aredisplayed on the screen at any time depends on the mode - 74 characters aredisplayed in MO D E 3.CTRL(Delete BlockNextMatchFormat ModeJustify ModeInsert ModeDefault RulerSplitLineConcaten-ate LinesMark As RulerSHIFT(MoveBlockSwap CaseRelease MarginsDelete to CharH'light 1H'light 2Gob to MarkerSet MarkerEdit CommandDelete CommandFormatBlockTopof TextBottom of TextDelete end lineBegin LineEnd Of LineInsert LineDelete LineInsert CharacterDelete CharacterFormatting and justificationFORMAT MODE switches formatting on and off. Formatting relates the lengthof text lines to the current ruler. Press FORMAT MODE (CTRL f2) to enterformat mode ( F is displayed at top left). Press FORMAT MODE again to leaveformat mode (nothing is displayed) . In format mode, when text is typed in, anyword which overflows the right margin is transferred whole to the following line.In effect, switching off formatting releases the right margin only.JUSTIFY MODE adjusts the spaces in the lines so that all lines which reach theright margin are of the same length, ie the right margin is justified. PressJUSTIFY MODE (CTRL f3) to enter justify mode ( J is displayed at top left).Press JUSTIFY MODE again to leave justify mode (nothing is displayed).When both F (format mode) and J (justify mode) are displayed, and text istyped in, any word which overflows the right margin is transferred whole to thefollowing line, and the spaces in the upper line are adjusted to justify thelines.CTRL(Delete BlockNextMatchFormat ModeJustify ModeInsert ModeDefault RulerSplitLineConcaten-ate LinesMark As RulerSHIFT(MoveBlockSwap CaseRelease MarginsDelete to CharH'light 1H'light 2Gob to MarkerSet MarkerEdit CommandDelete CommandFormatBlockTopof TextBottom of TextDelete end lineBegin LineEnd Of LineInsert LineDelete LineInsert CharacterDelete CharacterFormatting and marginsFORMAT BLOCK formats a paragraph or block Place the cursor anywhere onthe top line and press FORMAT BLOCK (f0). This will work only if VIEW is informat mode, and the text will be justified or not according to whether thesystem is in justify mode. The formatting will continue down the paragraph orblock until it encounters a blank line, a stored command, or a space or TAB atthe beginning of a line. Do not attempt to format a paragraph in which more thanone TAB has been used.FORMAT BLOCK can be used to alter the width of a column of text To do this,first change the ruler above the text. Then use FORMAT BLOCK.RELEASE MARGINS (SHIFT f2) releases both margin stops and turns offformatting. Press the key again to restore them. You can use this command toenter text to the left of the left margin stop by releasing margins, typing in thetext, and restoring them again. This can be useful for side headings in areport.To format the whole of the text in memory, or of several paragraphs, seepage 40.CTRL(Delete BlockNextMatchFormat ModeJustify ModeInsert ModeDefault RulerSplitLineConcaten-ate LinesMark As RulerSHIFT(MoveBlockSwap CaseRelease MarginsDelete to CharH'light 1H'light 2Gob to MarkerSet MarkerEdit CommandDelete CommandFormatBlockTopof TextBottom of TextDelete end lineBegin LineEnd Of LineInsert LineDelete LineInsert CharacterDelete CharacterTAB stops and charactersPressing  TAB appears simply to move the to the space below thenext asterisk on the current ruler. In fact, each is pressed, an invisibleTAB character is inserted into the text like this:.. .....*....*...............*..........*.......*.......*.......*.......*.<                               		 Text begins here	(Three TAB characters)TAB characters vary in length according to the setting of the asterisk T ABstops.To insert TAB characters in existing text (ie to move the text one TABright) :- Place the cursor to the left of the text.- Press TAB.To delete the rightmost TAB character in existing text (ie to move the text oneTAB left).- Place the cursor to the left of the text.- Press DELETE CHARACTER and the whole TAB character is deleted.TAB characters and formattingVIEW will not format a line starting with spaces or a single TAB. This can beused to protect tables from the effects of formatting commands.If you have used more than one TAB character in a line, you should not attemptto use the FORMAT BLOCK command, since it will reformat the TABs.Moving the cursor to a point within a TAB characterWhile the character is in place, this cannot be done. If you use the arrow keys,the cursor jumps from one TAB characterto the next. You should use the arrowkeys to move the cursor up to the beginning of the TAB character, then pressthe Space Bar to insert as many spaces as you need to get to the point yourequire.Note: Ifyou have inserted TAB characters into a line, and then type over the lineagain, as you approach the first TAB character, VIEW moves it and the rest ofthe line that follows a TAB space to the right. If you no longer require theTAB character, you can remove it by pressing DELETE CHARACTER (f9)and the text will close up to the cursor.Alternative TABThe command FIELD allows you to give another character the function of theTAB.Switch to command mode by pressing ESCAPE.  Then type FIELD  (ASCII* number  of  the  required character) RETURNFor example FIELD 32 RETURN turns the Space Bar into a TAB key. This isuseful when typing columns of figures.* Note: For an explanation of ASCII codes see the BBC Microcomputer SystemUser Guide.3 Stored CommandsStored commands are entered in the left margin, to be used later when thedocument is printed. Some are used on their own, and some with a number ortext beside them.Using a stored command on its own, press:EDIT COMMAND (command code) RETURNFor example:EDIT COMMAND P E RETURNP E stands for page eject.Using a stored command followed by characters, press:EDITCOMMAND (command code)  RETURN (characters)For example page eject if less than ten lines remain on the page:EDIT COMMAND P E RETURN 10For example set a page length of 45 lines:EDIT COMMAND P L RETURN 45For example centre the word 'Title' between the margin stops:EDIT COMMAND C E  RETURN Title.To delete a command place the cursor on the same line as the command andpress DELETE COMMAND.CTRL(Delete BlockNextMatchFormat ModeJustify ModeInsert ModeDefault RulerSplitLineConcaten-ate LinesMark As RulerSHIFT(MoveBlockSwap CaseRelease MarginsDelete to CharH'light 1H'light 2Gob to MarkerSet MarkerEdit CommandDelete CommandFormatBlockTopof TextBottom of TextDelete end lineBegin LineEnd Of LineInsert LineDelete LineInsert CharacterDelete CharacterLines and page lengthCentre lineCentres the text that follows this command in relation to the left and rightmargins.Code: C EUse EDIT COMMAND CE RETURN (text to be centred)Right justifyAligns the text that follows this command with the right margin.Code: R JUse EDIT COMMAND RJ RETURN (text to be ranged right)Left justifyCan be used to align text with the left margin and to print out the values ofnumber registers. For an explanation of this, see page 33.Code: L JUse EDIT COMMAND LJ RETURN (text to be ranged left)Page lengthVIEW assumes a page length of 66 lines, unless told otherwise.Code: P LUse EDIT COMMAND P L RETURN (number of lines )The maximum page length that may be set is 255 lines.Line spacingThe system assume s solid textCode to insert blank lines for double spacing etc: LSUseEDIT COMMAND LS RETURN (number of lines spacing)Ejecting pagesPage ejectCauses the printer to eject the page.Code: P ETo eject the page at the point where the command is entered:EDIT COMMAND P E RETURNTo eject the page when the number of lines specified or less remain on thepage:EDIT COMMAND PE RETURN(number of lines)Eject to odd or even page numberCodes: O P and E PThese commands make it possible, for example, to ensure that all chapters starton a right.hand page. The method is first to ensure that the page counter(register P) starts at 1 for the first chapter (see page33 for registers), and then atthe end of each chapter to use code OP instead of the usual PE. If the page(register P) happens to be even, the page ejects as usual If it is odd, there is anadditional page eject, so that the next chapter can start on an odd page.To cause all chapters to start on a left-hand page, use E P instead of OP.Formally, either OP or EP causes a page eject, plus an additional page eject ifthe page number after that ejection is not odd (with OP set) or not even (with EPset).The codes are set with:EDIT COMMAND O P RETURNEDIT COMMAND E P RETURNPage layoutAn example of VIEW's standard page layout is shown below. At the top of thepage is a top margin of four lines. Below it is the header line which can have oneor all of a left component, a central component and a right component. Belowthe header is a header margin - the default for this is also four lines.Similarly there is .a bottom margin and a footer margin - of four lines each.Although our example shows a page length of 35 lines, the default page length is66 lines. This default layout is designed to conform to the standard format forbusiness letters. 						___	Top margin, four lines						___						___						___Creative Graphics - First draft 			___	Header, one line						___	Header margin. four lines						___						___						___Lissajoux figuresLissajoux figures are fascinating patterns that canform the basis for "any weird and wonderfulprograms. The method for drawing Lissajoux figuresis similar to the polar-coordinate method fordrawing a circle.For the circle, the angle from which the x andy-coordinates are derived is the same. DifferentLissajoux figures are obtained when these anglesare out of phase.There are many ways in which the basic Lissajouxpatterns can be enhanced . Here is a program thatuses straight lines to join the points that traceout two intermeshing figures. The pattern obtaineddepends on the random numbers chosen at lines 50 and 60.						___	Footer margin four lines						___						___						___			Page 25 			___	Footer one line						___	Bottom margin, four lines						___						___						___Example of page layoutOverleaf is a sample page showing the text from the previous page printed outusing different page layout commands from the default settings. The list ofstored commands at the top of the file would be as follows:TM 3DH  /Creative  Graphics//Final  draft/HM 3PL 30DF  //Volume  1,  page  | P//F M 3BM 3The printed page looks like this:        Creative Graphics                       				  Final draft    Lissajoux fiqures    Lissajoux fiqures are fascinatinq patterns that can    form the basis for many weird and wonderful    proqrams. The method for drawinq Lissajoux fiqures    is similar to the polar-coordinate method for    drawing a circle.     For the circle, the anqle from which the x- and    y-coordinates are derived is the same. Different    Lissajoux fiqures are obtained when these anqles    are out of phase.    There are many ways in which the basic Lissajoux     patterns can be enhanced. Here is a proqram that     uses straiqht lines to join the points that trace				Volume 1, page 1		     Creative Graphics                        		 Final draft         out two intermeshinq fiqures. The pattern obtained         depends on the random numbers chosen at lines 50         and 60.Page layout commandsTop marginCode to adjust the top margin: T M(The top margin is between the top of the page and the header.)Use EDIT COMMAND T M RETURN (number of lines )Header marginCode to adjust the header margin: H M(The header margin is between the header and the text.)Use EDIT COMMAND H M RETURN(number of lines )Bottom marginCode to adjust the bottom margin: B MUse EDIT COMMAND BM RETURN(number of lines )Footer marginCode to adjust the footer margin:  MUse EDIT COMMAND  FM RETURN (number of lines)Left marginA general instruction can be entered which sets the left margin for the wholedocument.Code to adjust the left margin: L MUse EDIT COMMAND LM RETURN(number of spaces)Note that the L M command controls printing only, and has nothing to do withthe margin stops as set in the ruler. VIEW assumes no left margin at all onprinting unless this is altered with LM.Headers and footersYou may define headers and footers, so that every page of your document hasthe same headers and footers printed on it automatically. Headers and footershave left, centre and right components. The maximum length of a header or afooter is 63 characters.Defining headers and footersDefine headerCode: D HUse EDIT COMMAND D H RETURN / left text/ centre text/ right text/Define footerCode: D FUse EDIT COMMAND D F RETURN / left text/ centre text/ right text/Once headers or footers are defined, they will appear automatically on all pagesunless you turn them off.To miss out a component of a header or footer, type two slashes together. Forexample:EDIT COMMAND DH RETURN //Project 5//(This has a centre component only.)Note: Although a slash ( / ) is shown above for separating components, you mayuse any punctuation characters, as long as you use the same one all the waythrough It will be treated as a spacer only.Turning headers off or onCode: H EUse EDIT COMMAND H E RETURN 0To turn them on again, replace 0 with 1. (The default is on.)Turning footers off or onCode: F OUse EDIT COMMAND FO RETURN  0To turn them on again, replace 0 with 1. (The default is on.)With both headers and footers turned off VIEW prints a single blank line in theheader position and a single blank line in the footer position. Two-sided documents When processing books you might want headers and footers to appear on alternate sides of right and left-hand pages. For example, page numbers normally appear in the outer margins, and chapter and book titles are often arranged like this: In this case, use the 'two-sided' command, T S as follows:Code: TS Use EDIT COMMAND T S RETURN 1 To cancel, replace 1 with 0 (The default is off.) When using this facility, the left component and right component defined by D H or D F will exchange on each page eject PE. You can also use this command to increase the left margin on right-hand pages to make room for the binding. Use EDIT COMMAND T S RETURN 1 (number of increased spaces in margin) For example: T S 1 15 would turn on the two-sided document facility with 15 extra spaces in the left margin of right-hand pages.MacrosIf you need to print any block of text more than once, VIE W allows you to defineit as a macro, giving it a two-letter name. You can then use it, as often as you likeby entering its name in the margin, exactly as you would a stored command.Codes to define macros: D M and E M (ie 'define macro' and 'end macro')To define a macroType EDIT COMMAND D M RETURN A B( A B represents a two-letter name for that macro. Y ou may use any two-lettername which is not a command code already.)Type in the macro, using text and/or commands.Type EDIT COMMAND E M RETURN to end the macro.To use a macroPlace your chosen two-letter name for that macro in the margin, as if it were anormal stored command. Names of macros should not duplicate storedcommands; ie use letters which are not in the list of stored commands.Use EDIT COMMAND A B RETURNNote: You are not allowed to use a macro within a macro.Number registers (see page 33) may be used in macros, with such commands asR J , C E and LJ.Macros with parametersA powerfulfeature of VIEW's macros is that you can modify them each time youuse them. In effect you leave gaps in them and fill in the gaps when printing. Inthis way it is possible to construct a standard text and print it out many times.The method is as follows.The macro is defined as on page 26, but some words in it are replaced by up toten symbols @0, @ 1 , @ 2 . . . @9.Each time the macro is used, these parameters are supplied in the form of a listof words accompanying the name of the macro. The parameters for any printingof a macro must be separated from each other by commas. If you wish to includea comma within a parameter you must enclose the parameter within anglebrackets.Macro exampleSuppose we wish to send a letter to applicants for a course. Below is a typicalletter of this kind. Following it is the equivalent macro, with codes inserted tomark the positions the parameters will occupy.Mr A B Carter 			15 Sept 198410 O1d StreetNewtown CX3 9JJDear Mr CarterThank you for your application. Weconfirm your enrolment for theIntermediate Course C . Your studentnumber is 552.You wi11 receive further details ina few days. Meanwhile will you pleasesend the acceptance payment as shownin our brochure, of £22.50.If you have any queries p1easeaddress them to Dept 4B.Yours sincerelyHere is the macro you would use to draw up the standard letter:DM L L@0                         				@1 Sept 1984@2@3Dear @4Thank you for your application. Weconfirm your enrolment  for theIntermediate Course @5.  Your studentnumber is @6.You will  receive further details  ina few days. MeanwhiLe will you pleasesend the acceptance payment asshown in our brochure,  of @7.If you have any queries pleaseaddress them to Dept @8.Yours sincerelyE MCalling the macroThe macro is named as LL by the D M stored command, and it is ended by the E Mcommand. By itself it will not print out, but when its name is entered in themargin like a stored command, with a line of parameters beside it, any numberof individualised letters can be printed.Typical parameter lines for this letter are shown in the following macro 'calls', inwhich the macro 'LL' is called three times.LL Mr A B Carter,15,10 Old Street,Newtown CX3 9JJ,Mr Carter,C,552,£22.50,4B(which would reproduce the letter above)LL Ms Jane Brown,15,The Cottage,<Stenby, Powys>,Ms Brown,B,453,£19.25,9ALL Mr P Flood,15,6 West Road,Thorpe CS1 6UV,Mr Flood,A,201,£40.50,22Each of the items enclosed by commas corresponds in order to each of@ 0, @ 1 , @ 2 , @ 3, @ 4, @ 5 , @ 6, @ 7 and @8.Note the angle brackets in the second example, enclosing a parameter whichincludes a comma. Note also that all parameters must be on the same line, themaximum length for a line in VIEW being 132 characters.If you wish to ignore one of the parameters, use commas as appropriate. Forexample, a one-line address can be dealt with as follows: LL Mrs C Martin,15,Room 12,,Mrs Martin,C,553,£22.50,4BWhen printing out, the macro can be made into one file and the calls andparameters into another. For example the macro could be in a file calledL e t t e r and the calls and parameters in a file called L i s t , or several filescalled L i s t 1 , L i s t2, L i s t 3 . . . etc. To print out use: PRINT  Letter  List1  List2  List3  List4 RETURN Highlights 1 and 2 The highlight commands 1 and 2 mark parts of the text which are to be printed in a special way. The printer is controlled by a printer driver program - either the default printer driver contained in VIEW or a driver designed to run a specific printer. Specific printer drivers are known by the name of the printer (eg RICOH and have to be loaded from a disc or tape.The highlight commands send codes to the printer driver, which converts them into instructions for the printer. In the default mode, HIGHLIGHT 1 sendscode 128 and HIGHLIGHT 2 sends code 129. Provided the correct printerdriver program has been loaded, and the printer is capable of responding to theinstructions, HIGHLIGHT 1 results in underlined type and HIGHLIGHT 2 inbold type.Some printers however are capable of special effects other than underlining andbold - for example special typefaces or superscripts. If a printer driver programhas been written for such a printer, other codes will have been allotted to each ofthese effects.The advantage of this system over sending control characters direct from VIEWto the printer is that it enables you to print your text on different printers simplyby changing the printer driver.In order to use the highlight commands to send these alternative codes to theprinter driver therefore, it is ne cessary to switch the highlight commandstemporarily from codes 128 and 129 to the other numbers which are built intothe driver. This is done with the H T command, as described overleaf.CTRL(Delete BlockNextMatchFormat ModeJustify ModeInsert ModeDefault RulerSplitLineConcaten-ate LinesMark As RulerSHIFT(MoveBlockSwap CaseRelease MarginsDelete to CharH'light 1H'light 2Gob to MarkerSet MarkerEdit CommandDelete CommandFormatBlockTopof TextBottom of TextDelete end lineBegin LineEnd Of LineInsert LineDelete LineInsert CharacterDelete CharacterMarking highlight 1Place the cursor under the first character of the text concerned and pressHIGHLIGHT 1.The text will move right and an underbar will appear.Move the cursor to the space after the last character of the text concerned andpress HIGHLIGHT 1 again. A second underbar will appear and if there is anytext to the right it will move to make room for the underbar.When printed the text between the underbars will be in the highlight 1 mode, ieunless the effect has been changed with the H T command, it will beunderlined.Marking highlight 2Follow the same procedure as for highlight 1. Instead of an underbar the markerin the text is an asterisk In the default mode this will result in bold type.Resetting the highlight commandsCode: H TUse EDIT COMMAND H T RETURN 1  (new  code)EDIT COMMAND H T RETURN 2  (new  code)For example to change highlight 1 from code 128 to 130 use H T  1  130.To restore the default codes simply use H T again with codes 128 and 129.For further details on printer drivers and highlight codes see the booklet issuedwith the printer drivers. Number registers VIEW has 26 number registers, labelled A to Z. Register P counts pages and L counts lines. Others can be allocated as you wish, and all can be set and reset. To set Or reset useEDIT COMMAND SR RETURN ( Letter number) For example s R A 1 0 sets register A to the value 10. Instead of a numberyou may use an expression such as A = A + 15, which must be expressed as follows: SR  A  (A+15 (ie A followed by a space followed by the vertical bar followed by A+15). You may print out number register values by including their symbols (A to Z) in the following commands, preceded by the vertical line symbol. D H (define header) 			R J (right justify) D F (define footer) 			L J (left justify) C E (centre) For example, ifyou type EDIT COMMAND D F  RETURN/ / ( P / / early in the document, each time a footer is printed it will show the page number- the value of P. You can set the page number to start at whatever number you wish, using the S R command. The command L J (left justify) exists largely for the purpose of printing out register values, since VIEW justifies left by default. For example L J ( L would print out the value of register L on the left. You can also include text: L J LINE ( L would print the value of the L register, which is the line number on the page concerned, preceded by the word 'LINE'. C E and R J are used similarly. Note: In MODE 7 the vertical bar is displayed as ( ( .4 Command Mode Commands Screen modes VIEW allows you to use any one of eight different screen modes. The maximum number of displayed characters and lines in each mode in VIEW is as follows. Mode 		Characters 	Lines 		Mode 		Characters 	Lines  MODE 0 	      74 		  31     		MODE 1 	      34 		  31  MODE 2 	      16 		  31     		MODE 3 	      74 		  24  MODE 4 	      34 		  31     		MODE 5 	      16 		  31  MODE 6 	      34 		  24     		MODE 7 	      34 		  24 To switch to another mode, typeMODE  (mode  number) RETURN Different modes require different amounts of memory. If you are running out of memory (for example if you attempt to LOAD a file and are told that there is Not  enough memory) it may be possible to change modes and solve the problem. For example if you run out of memory in this way in MODE 3 you will have ample memory left in MODE 7. VIEW is sometimes able to save a file, but not to reload it through lack of memory; changing modes may solve this problem too. If you request a change of mode and there is not sufficient memory to accommodate your text in the mode you have asked for, the computer will reply Not enough memory and leave the mode as it is. Clearing text from memory Type N E W RETURN. All text is cleared but No text is not displayed, since a single RETURN is left, to enable you to switch immediately to text mode.Using discSAVE (filename) RETURN records the named file on to the disc.If a file of that name is already on the disc, it is overwritten. When a file is namedin the screen message in command mode ( Editing file . . .) you cansave the text in memory under that filename by typingSAVE  RETURNWRITE (filename)RETURN  has the same effect as SAVE (filenameRETURN, except that it is slower.To record part of a file only, set markers 1 and 2 at the beginning and end of thepart you wish to record (to set markers, see page 9). Then typeWRITE  (filename) 1  2 RETURNLOAD (filename) RETURN reads the contents of the file named andplaces them in the computer' s memory. Any text in memory is replaced by thecontents of the file. L O A D can be abbreviated to L.READ (filename) RETURN reads the contents of the file named andplaces them in the computer' s memory.If there is text already in memory, the new file will be added to it, in so far asmemory space allows. If there is no text in memory remember to type NEWRETURN before using READ.You can also instruct VIEW to read a file into the middle of the text you arecurrently writing. To do this mark the place where you want the new material bysetting marker 1, and typeREAD (filename) 1 RETURNTo check the files on a disc, type* . RETURN or * CAT RETURNLocking filesTo lock, type*ACCESS  (filename)  L RETURNTo unlock, type*ACCESS (filename) RETURNNote: Filenames can have up to seven characters, letters or numbers. Theyshould not include spaces or punctuation marks. See the Disc Filing SystemUser Guide.Editing BASIC programsVIEW allows you to read programs written in BASIC into memory. This can beconvenient both for editing BASIC programs, and if you want to quote fromBASIC programs within the text you are writing. The one restriction is that theBASIC program may not have lines longer than 132 characters.To place the BASIC program in a file which VIEW can readType: *BASIC RETURN 			(To get into BASIC.)Type: LOAD "(filename)" RETURN		(To load the BASIC program.)Type: *SPOOL (newfile) RETURN		(To create a new file.)Type: LIST RETURN			(To get the program into the						new file.)Type: * SPOOL RETURN			(To close the new file.)To read it into VIEW and edit itType: * WORD RETURN			(To get into VIEW )Type: NEW RETURN			(To clear text.)Type: READ (newfile) RETURN		(Do not use LOAD.)You can now edit the program and SAVE it back to the new file or anyother. To use the edited version as a BASIC program Type: * BASIC RETURN Type: *EXEC (newfile) RETURN The program is now back in memory and can be listed and run. Continuous processing (discs only) This is an alternative to the LOAD . . . process . . . SAVE sequence, which is useful where you have to reprocess a lot of material that is already on disc. It also allows you to process files that are too large for the computer's memory. The command EDIT causes the computer to read material from one named file, allows you to edit it, and pass it to another, all in a continuous flow. Before you begin the process, therefore, you should make sure that there is plenty of room left on your disc for the extra file that will be created. The recommended sequence is as follows. If you have material in the computer' s memory which you wish to preserve, S A V E it now. Check the files on your disc. Type* . RETURN or * CAT RETURN Are there any files you want to delete? If so type*DELETE  (filename) RETURN Compact your disc. This rearranges the files as economically as possible. Type * COMPACT RETURN Warning: Compacting destroys any text currently in the computer' s memory. You are now ready to start the E D I T procedure, by reading in your file and giving a name to the file to which the text you are processing will go. Type EDIT (file-in) (file-out) RETURN (In our example, 'file-in' and 'file-out' represent the names of the files. Remember not to use punctuation in filenames.) The system reads text in from your file ('file-in'). You process it When you are ready to go on to the next part, you type MORE RETURN The text you have processed is written into your'file-out' and new text is read in from your file-in' . When you wish to stop editing, even if you have not finished the document, type FINISH RETURN and the text in memory is put into your 'file-out'. Any unread text left in 'file-in' is read and transferred to , file-out'. You are now left with two files, the original file ('file-in') and the revised one ('file-out'). If you no longer need the original type *DELETE (file-in) RETURN The command QUIT is an alternative to FINISH, which simply abandons the editing, leaving the 'file-in' intact, but , 'file-out' incomplete. You should delete 'file-out'. Using cassette If your computer is set up for disc, and you wish to use tape, type * TAPE RETURN To record files Make sure there is a blank tape in the recorder. Type SAVE (filename) RETURNThe 'cassette motor' lamp comes on. The message appears on screen: RECORD THEN RETURN Press RECORD on your cassette recorder and RETURN on the computer. When the prompt (=>) returns the file is recorded. If,your cassette recorder has no motor control (REM) socket, stop it quickly. (If it has a REM connection, it will stop automatically.) To record part of a file To record part of a file use the WRITE command. WRITE has a similar effect to SAVE, but is most often used to record a marked block of text. Set markers 1 and 2 at the beginning and end of the part you wish to record, and then type WRITE (filename) 1 2 RETURNTo read filesWind back the cassette to the appropriate point.Type N E W RETURN READ (filename) RETURN The 'cassette motor' lamp comes on. Press PLAY on the cassette recorder. Depending on the cassette recorder, you may hear high. or low-pitched sounds. When the prompt (= >) returns the file has been read in. This procedure deletes any text currently in memory and replaces it with the new file. WRITE can also be used in a procedure to avoid certain problems which can occur when printing from cassette files. This is described in chapter 7 of Into VIEW.READdoes not delete text currently in the computer' s memory, but adds to it, inso far as memory allows.To read a file into a specific place in existing textSet marker 1 at the place where you want the file read in. Use the procedureabove, except that the READ command is in the formREAD (filename) 1 RETURNNote: F ilenames can have up to ten characters, and must start with a letter.They must not include spaces or punctuation marks. Refer to Into VIEW fordetailed instructions on loading and saving with cassette.Word counting and formattingCOUNT RETURN gives the number of words in the text in memory. To count thenumber of words in a part of the text, set markers 1 and 2 at the beginning andend of that part (to set markers, see page 9). Then typeCOUNT 1 2 RETURNWarning: If you are using spaced-out titles, you will get misleading results whenyou ask for a word count VIEW counts the spaces rather than the words, and aspaced-out title is counted as a series of single letter words.Note: We have suggested using markers 1 and 2 because they are visible, butCOUNT will work with any markers.FORMAT is a global formatting command, allowing you to format all text inmemory, or a selected part of the text Its effect is the same as that of theFORMAT BLOCK key.To format all text in memory, typeFORMAT RETURNTo format a selected part of the text, first set markers 1 and 2 before and afterthe part you wish to format Then typeFORMAT 1 2 RETURNC L E A R RETURN clears markers 1 and 2.Finding words in the documentVIEW allows you to search the whole document or a specified part of it for anyword you care to name. The system then finds the word and indicates it. SEARCH To search the whole document for a word type SEARCH (word) RETURN or S (word) RETURN If the word is in the document, the screen will switch to text mode and you will find the cursor under the first letter of the first occurrence of that word. To move on to the next occurrence of the word press NEXT MATCH on the red function keys. If the word is not present in the document VIEW will remain in command mode. Limited search To search part of the document, set markers 1 and 2 before and after the part you wish to search Then type SEARCH (word) 1 2 RETURN Wild search If you are not sure whether the word you are seeking has been spelt correctly, you can replace some characters with a question mark For exampleSEARCH THE?? RETURNwill find both THERE and THEIR since the question mark stands for anycharacter. You can also specify RETURN and TAB in your search Vertical bar( ( ) is; tilde (~) is TAB. If you want to replace default wild characterswith characters of your choice use WILD? (~ RETURN, replacing thecharacters shown with the characters you wish to use. For example WILD? $~RETURN gives '$' for RETURN instead of ( .Modifying selected words in the document To change a word every time it occursType CHANGE  (old word)  (new word) RETURN or C  (old word)  (new word) RETURNThe system will remain in command mode, but the word will be changedthroughout the document.To limit the effect of the changes to part of the document, first set markers 1 and2 before and after the part of the document concerned. Then typeCHANGE  (old word)  (new word)  1  2 RETURNReplacing a word at choiceTypeREPLACE  (old word)  (new word) RETURN orR (old word) (new word) RETURNThe display switche s to text mode.The letters R P appear in reversed type at top left of the screen. The cursor is atthe first character of the first occurrence of the word. If you do not want thatparticular word replaced press N. If you want it replaced press Y The word willchange; the text around it will be adjusted; and the cursor will go to the nextoccurrence of the word. Press ESCAPE  to return to command mode.Upper and lower caseWith the CHANGE and REPLACE commands VIEW normally copies the caseof the characters in a word - thus if you had the word , 'London' in the text andissued the command CHANGE london glasgow the result would be'Glasgow'. This facility is known as 'folding'.If you want to change the case of some of the letters in a word (whether or notyou are changing their spelling) you will have to turn the folding off. To do this,before using CHANGE or REPLACE, typeFOLD 0 RETURNYou could then for example replace 'aspirin' with 'Aspirin'.To turn folding on again typeFOLD 1 RETURNTo find out whether folding is on or off, typeFOLD RETURNFolding is on by default, ie CHANGE normally searches for the word,disregarding the case, unless you turn folding off.Changing and replacing phrasesIf you want to change two or more words that occur together throughout the textyou must use delimiters to enclose them when giving the command. Forexample CHANGE/Mr  Q  R  Smith/Mr  H  I  Jones/In this case the delimiter is the slash. The first character after CHANGEindicates the delimiter.PrintingVIEW operates most printers, serial or paralleL If a printer works with the BBCMicrocomputer, it should work with VIEW too.For detailed instructions on how to use a printer, see the Printer DriverGenerator package published by Acornsoft.General procedureInsert the printer driver disc (or tape).Switch to command mode and typePRINTER  (name of printer) RETURNThis loads a printer driver, ie a program which operates the printer. The wordsP r i n t e r ( n a m e ) appear on the screen.If you require microspacing, typeMICROSPACE RETURNThe letter ( m ) appears after the name of the printer.(If your printer driver cannot handle microspacing, VIEW tells you so.)Printing the text you have composed can be done either from the text you see onthe screen (ie the text in the edit memory), or by inputting a file from disc or tapeand outputting it directly to the printer. Printing a file from disc or tape does notin any way affect the text currently in memory, so you may hold one block of textin memory for editing, while printing another.PRINTThis command causes the whole of the text in memory, or the whole of the filenamed in the command to be printed. It is therefore only suitable if you areusing continuous stationery or if the text is very short.To print the text in memory typePRINT RETURN or P RETURNTo print a file typePRINT  (filename) RETURN orP (filename) RETURNFor example:PRINT agenda RETURNTo print several files type their names with a space between each. Forexample: PRINT agenda  report  letter RETURNSHEETSThis command outputs a page at a time to the printer.To print the text in memory typeSHEETS RETURNTo print a file typeSHEETS (filename) RETURNThe following message appears on the screen: Page 1 ..To print press any key except M, Q, ESCAPE,  COPY or BREAKTo miss out a page press M.To quit printing press Q or ESCAPE.To print several files a page at a time, type their names separated by spaces. Forexample:SHEETS  agenda  report  letter RETURNSCREENThis is not strictly a printing command. It takes material from disc or tape orfrom the edit memory, and outputs it to the screen. This is useful for making arough check on the layout of the text, and checking where the page breaks occur.However the printer drivers will not be active and variations in line length maydistort the text.To display text in memory typeSCREEN RETURNTo display a file typeSCREEN  (filename) RETURNAs with the PRINT and SHEETS commands it is possible to display a series offiles. For example:SCREEN agenda report letter RETURNThe SCREEN command displays the text a screenful at a time. To move on tothe next screenful, press SHIFT.List of commandsImmediate commands ( text mode)FORMAT BLOCK					f0TOP OF TEXT					f1				BOTTOM OF TEXT					f2DELETE END OF LINE				f3BEGINNING OF LINE				f4END OF LINE					f5INSERT LINE					f6DELETE LINE					f7INSERT CHARACTER				f8DELETE CHARACTER				f9MOVE BLOCK					SHIFT f0SWAP CASE						SHIFT f1RELEASE MARGINS				SHIFT f2DELETE UP TO CHARACTER			SHIFT f3HIGHLIGHT 1					SHIFT f4HIGHLIGHT 2					SHIFT f5GO TO MARKER					SHIFT f6SET MARKER					SHIFT f7EDIT COMMAND					SHIFT f8DELETE COMMAND				SHIFT f9DELETEBLOCK					CTRL f0NEXT MATCH					CTRL f1FORMAT MODE					CTRL f2JUSTIFY MODE					CTRL f3INSERT MODE					CTRL f4DEFAULT RULER					CTRL f5SPLIT LINE						CTRL f6CONCATENATE LINES				CTRL f7MARK AS RULER					CTRL f8Move left one character				(Move right one character				(Move up one line					(Move down one line					(Move to beginning of last word			SHIFT (Move to beginning of next word			SHIFT (Move screen one screen size up			SHIFT (Move screen one screen size down			SHIFT (Copy block						COPYCopy current ruler					SHIFT COPYSwitch between text and command modes		ESCAPEDelete last character typed				DELETEInsert a TAB and move to next stop			TABStored commands (text mode)TM	Top marginPL	Page lengthHE	Headers on/offHM	Header marginDH	Define headerCE	Centre textRJ 	Right justifyLJ 	Left justifyDM 	Define macroEM 	End macroSR 	Set registerPE 	Page ejectOP 	Eject - odd pageEP 	Eject - even pageLM 	Left margin LS 	Line spacing CO 	Comment HT 	Highlight FO 	Footers on/off DF 	Define footer FM 	Footer margin BM 	Bottom margin TS 	Two-sided on/off Command mode commands (command mode)SEARCH	S 	Search for strings*CHANGE 	C 	Change strings*REPLACE       R 	Conditionally change strings*FOLD 			Match case of string in CHANGEingSCREEN 		Print text on screenPRINT 	P 	Print documentSHEETS 		Print document, pausing after each pageREAD 			Read in file and insert at markerWRITE 		Write out file between two markersLOAD           L 	Load in whole fileSAVE 			Save whole fileEDIT 			Start editing a file longer than memoryMORE 	M 	Save text and read in more*FINISH 	F 	Finish editing current fileQUIT 			Abandon editing current fileMODE 		Change screen modeFIELD 		Set field characterFORMAT 		Format text*PRINTER 		Load new printer driverMICROSPACE 	Enable microspacingCOUNT 		Count words*CLEAR 		Clear markers 1 and 2WILD 			Set wild characters for SEARCHNEW 			Clear text from memoryOLD 			Revert to old text after BREAK * These commands can be used with markers.Index *ACCESS 36			                  	DELETE 7 Arrow keys 5 					*DELETE 37, 38 BM 20,21,23 					DELETE BLOCK 10 *BASIC 2, 36, 37 				DELETE CHARACTER 7, 9, 12, BE GINNING OF LINE 5           		   15,16 Block operations 10 				DELETE END OF LINE 7 Bold type 31 					DELETE LINE 6 Bottom margin 20, 23 			DELETE UP TO CHARACTER 7 BOTTOM OF TEXT 5 			Disc memory 35-38 BREAK 2 					EM 26 Bytes free 3 					EP 19 CAPSLOCK 3 				EDIT 37 CE 18,33 					EDIT COMMAND 17 Case (upper and lower) 8, 42 		Editing BASIC programs 36, 37 Cassette 38-40 				Editing (filename) 3, 35*CAT 35,37 					End macro 26 Centre line 18, 33 				END OF LINE 5 CHANGE 41-43                   			ESCAPE 3 Characters 34 				Even pages 19CLEAR 9,40 					*EXEC 37 Clearing text 34                    			FM 20,21,23 Command mode 3 				FO 24 Command mode commands 1, 34-35 	FIELD 16 Commands - presentation 1 			Filenames 36, 40 *COMPACT 37 				Files 35 40 CONCATENATE LINES 6 			Finding words 40, 41 Continuous processing 37, 38 		FINISH 38COPY 10                         			FOLD 42, 43COUNT 40 					Footer margin 20, 23Cursor 4,5,16 					Footers 24DF 24, 33 					FORMAT 40DH 24,33                        			FORMAT BLOCK 14, 15DM 26 					FORMAT MODE 13DEFAULT RULER 11 			Formatting 13, 14, 40Define footer 24, 33 				Global formatting 40Define header 24, 33 				GO TO MARKER 5, 9Define macro 26 				HE 24HM 20,21,23 					Odd pages 19HT 31,32 					PE 17, 19Header margin 20, 23 				PL 17Headers 24                         			Page 4Highlights 31, 32                    		Page eject 17,19Immediate commands 1, 5 16 		Page layout 20-23INSERT CHARACTER 8, 12 		Page length 18INSERT LINE 6 				Page numbers 33INSERT MODE 8 				Parameters (macros) 27-30Justification 13, 18				PRINT 44JUSTIFY MODE 13 				PRINTER 43LJ 18,33 					Printer default 3LM 23 					Printer drivers 31, 43LS 18 						Printing 27 31,32,43 45Layout of pages 20-23 			Printing highlights 31, 32Leftjustify 18, 33 				Printing macros 26-30Left margin (printing) 23 			Programs (BASIC) 36, 37Letters (macros) 28-30 			QUIT 38Line spacing 18                     			RJ 18,33Lines 6                             			READ 35,37,39LIST 36                            			RECORD THEN RETURN 38LOAD 35,36 					Recording files 35-40Locking files 36 				Registers (number) 33Macros 26 30 					RELEASE MARGINS 14Margin stops 4, 11, 12               		REPLACE 42Margins 14 					Right justify 18, 33MARK AS RULER 12 			Ruler 11Markers 9, 10, 35, 39-42 			SR 33MICROSPACE 43                   		SAVE 35-39MODE 2,34                        			SCREEN 45Modes 2, 3 					Screen modes 2, 3, 34Modes (screen) 2, 3, 34 			SEARCH 41MORE 38 					SET MARKER 5, 9MOVE BLOCK 10 				Set register 33NEW 3,34 					SHEETS 44NEXT MATCH 41 				SHIFT COPY 11No text 3, 34 					SPLIT LINE 6Not enough memory 34 			*SPOOL 36Number registers 33 				Stored commands 1, 17-33OLD 2 					SWAP CASE 8OP 19                              			TM 20, 21, 23TS 25 						Two-sided documents 25TAB characters 15, 16 			Underlined type 31TAB stops 4, 11 , 14 				Wild search 41*TAPE 38 					*WORD 2, 36Text mode 4 					Word counting 40Top margin 20, 23 				Words (finding and changing) 40-43TOP OF TEXT 5                   			WRITE 35,39*TV commands 21